氨(NH₃)

氨(NH3.)是一种众所周知的制冷剂,特别适用于大型工业工厂,在不影响安全的情况下充分利用其优点。

氨以其有利的热力学性质而闻名。在广泛的应用中,它的性能优于合成制冷剂。然而,它有一些缺点,迄今为止阻止了氨的商业应用,如材料兼容性,毒性和可燃性。

氨是一种高效制冷剂,理论效率略高于R134a或丙烷。在实践中,有证据表明氨系统的性能甚至比理论上更好。

由于氨的毒性和易燃性,使用氨的装置受国家法规的管辖。即使有严格的监管以确保操作安全,氨装置也面临着降低装料量的压力,尤其是在人口稠密地区。

解决安全问题的一种方法是将氨作为制冷剂与CO混合使用2.适用于中、高温或低温的级联应用。

现场服务人员必须接受处理氨的适当培训,以确保系统的安全运行。

氨是一种天然制冷剂。它的ODP和GWP都为零。结合其效率,它是最环保的制冷剂之一。

氨的工作压力与其他常见制冷剂(HFCs和hc)相当,且正常沸点相对较高(-33.3°C)。氨的容量大,因此氨管道比氢氟烃管道小。然而,需要注意的是,当氨用于吸入管线时,管线比一氧化碳的管线要大2..

氨可与除铜和黄铜以外的所有常见材料相容。这意味着只能使用焊接钢管。此外,必须使用半密闭压缩机或带有专用电机涂层或铝电机线的密闭压缩机。

氨不能与普通油混溶。此外,氨比油轻,这使得回油系统相当简单。

氨是一种廉价且大量可用的制冷剂。然而,由于需要钢管、半密封压缩机和安装许多安全装置,如气体探测器,氨装置往往相对昂贵。

如今,氨主要用于工业制冷应用:
•配送冷库
•冻结隧道
•啤酒厂
•食品加工厂(屠宰场、冰淇淋厂等)
•拖网渔船



这些应用是高容量的电荷,但是,为了进一步利用氨的有利热力学和环境特性,目前正在努力开发低电荷氨系统。丹佛斯和研究合作伙伴所做的一些工作是开发具有新的先进控制算法的低负荷系统,进一步开发氨优化热交换器、DX系统和具有CO的新级联系统2..

案例研究

Eating healthier, more natural foods is a growing trend that delights Daisy Brands - a family-owned, Garland, Texas-based firm that makes the best-selling brand of sour cream in the United States. Known for its \"Pure and Natural\" recipe using no additives, preservatives or artificial growth hormones, the company recently opened a plant in Casa Grande, Arizona, to expand its national distribution. The continuing success of Daisy Brands is based on a recipe that uses all-natural ingredients -- plus, the technology ingredient of the Danfoss Flexline™ family of motor control valves and control stations.

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Industrial refrigeration systems predominantly use natural refrigerants, primarily ammonia and more recently CO2 Energy efficiency and the effective operation of those systems are the key parameters for operators of the plants The focus of the white paper is the comparisons of hot gas defrost strategy control methods, both on the hot gas side as well as on the condensate drain

","StartDate":null,"EndDate":null,"Location":null,"EventTypes":null,"HasErrors":false,"HasWarnings":false,"Errors":[],"Warnings":[]},{"Id":"https://danfoss-webex-umbraco-prodgreen.azurewebsites.net/en/service-and-support/case-stories/dcs/ammonia-conversion-for-cold-storage-facility-is-simple-with-icv-flexline/","FormattedStartDate":null,"FormattedEndDate":null,"Link":{"NewWindow":false,"Url":"/en/service-and-support/case-stories/dcs/ammonia-conversion-for-cold-storage-facility-is-simple-with-icv-flexline/"},"IsExternalLink":false,"Title":"Ammonia conversion for cold storage facility is simple with ICV Flexline™","Image":"/media/4068/cold-storage-in-industrial-refrigeration-danfoss.jpg","ImageAltText":"Ammonia conversion for cold storage facility is simple with ICV flexline™ Danfoss","Description":"

Consumer retail stores are looking for tried-and-true ideas to thrive in turbulent economic times That’s why a major 190-store retail chain based in the Midwest switched to a proven refrigeration solution for one of its distribution centers - an environmentally friendly ammonia system that uses Danfoss ICV Flexline valve stations

","StartDate":null,"EndDate":null,"Location":null,"EventTypes":null,"HasErrors":false,"HasWarnings":false,"Errors":[],"Warnings":[]},{"Id":"https://danfoss-webex-umbraco-prodgreen.azurewebsites.net/en/service-and-support/case-stories/dcs/high-rise-refrigerated-fruit-storage-and-distribution-using-a-nh-co-fluid-system-gives-optimum-results-for-stored-products-and-company-financials/","FormattedStartDate":null,"FormattedEndDate":null,"Link":{"NewWindow":false,"Url":"/en/service-and-support/case-stories/dcs/high-rise-refrigerated-fruit-storage-and-distribution-using-a-nh-co-fluid-system-gives-optimum-results-for-stored-products-and-company-financials/"},"IsExternalLink":false,"Title":"High-Rise refrigerated fruit storage and distribution, using a NH₃/CO₂ fluid system, gives optimum results for stored products and company financials","Image":"/media/3708/high-rise-refrigerated-fruit-storage-and-distribution.jpg","ImageAltText":"High-Rise refrigerated fruit storage and distribution Danfoss","Description":"

Internal transport is done using fully automated cranes and conveyor systems This ingenious system dispenses with the need for people and forklift trucks Forklift trucks are now only used on the dispatching floor, for loading and unloading trucks and containers

","StartDate":null,"EndDate":null,"Location":null,"EventTypes":null,"HasErrors":false,"HasWarnings":false,"Errors":[],"Warnings":[]}]" data-group-type="case-study" data-check-all-label="Explore more" data-redirect-url="">
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    酸奶油配方成功使用ICF Flexline™

    吃更健康、更自然的食物是一种日益增长的趋势,这让Daisy Brands很高兴。Daisy Brands是一家位于德克萨斯州加兰的家族企业,生产美国最畅销的酸奶油品牌。该公司因其“纯天然”配方而闻名,不使用添加剂、防腐剂或人工生长激素,最近在亚利桑那州卡萨格兰德开设了一家工厂,以扩大其全国销售。Daisy品牌的持续成功是基于一种使用所有天然成分的配方——加上丹佛斯Flexline的技术成分™ 电机控制阀和控制站系列。

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    消费者零售店正在寻找行之有效的想法,以在动荡的经济时代蓬勃发展。这就是为什么一家位于中西部的大型190家零售连锁店转而为其一个配送中心提供经验证的制冷解决方案——一个使用丹佛斯ICV柔性线阀站的环保氨系统

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